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Theranostics 2012; 2(8):801-814. doi:10.7150/thno.4419 This issue Cite

Review

Therapeutic Angiogenesis for Treating Cardiovascular Diseases

Lorenzo Deveza^{1, 2}, Jeffrey Choi³, Fan Yang^2,4,✉

1. School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA;
2. Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA;
3. Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA;
4. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.

✉ Corresponding author: Prof. Fan Yang, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr., Edwards R105, Stanford, CA, 94305-5341. E-mail: fanyangedu Tel.: 650-725-7128 Fax: 650-723-9370. More

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide and is often associated with partial or full occlusion of the blood vessel network in the affected organs. Restoring blood supply is critical for the successful treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Therapeutic angiogenesis provides a valuable tool for treating cardiovascular diseases by stimulating the growth of new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels. In this review, we discuss strategies developed for therapeutic angiogenesis using single or combinations of biological signals, cells and polymeric biomaterials. Compared to direct delivery of growth factors or cells alone, polymeric biomaterials provide a three-dimensional drug-releasing depot that is capable of facilitating temporally and spatially controlled release. Biomimetic signals can also be incorporated into polymeric scaffolds to allow environmentally-responsive or cell-triggered release of biological signals for targeted angiogenesis. Recent progress in exploiting genetically engineered stem cells and endogenous cell homing mechanisms for therapeutic angiogenesis is also discussed.

Keywords: Angiogenesis, Cardiovascular Diseases

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