Theranostics 2023; 13(10):3346-3367. doi:10.7150/thno.84253 This issue Cite

Review

Photoacoustic imaging for investigating tumor hypoxia: a strategic assessment

Deyana Nasri1, Rayyan Manwar1, Ajeet Kaushik2, Ekrem Emrah Er3, Kamran Avanaki1,4✉

1. Richard and Loan Hill Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA.
2. Department of Natural Sciences, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL, USA.
3. Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA.
4. Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.

Citation:
Nasri D, Manwar R, Kaushik A, Er EE, Avanaki K. Photoacoustic imaging for investigating tumor hypoxia: a strategic assessment. Theranostics 2023; 13(10):3346-3367. doi:10.7150/thno.84253. https://www.thno.org/v13p3346.htm
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Abstract

Graphic abstract

Hypoxia causes the expression of signaling molecules which regulate cell division, lead to angiogenesis, and further, in the tumor microenvironment, promote resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and induce metastasis. Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) takes advantage of unique absorption characteristics of chromophores in tissues and provides the opportunity to construct images with a high degree of spatial and temporal resolution. In this review, we discuss the physiologic characteristics of tumor hypoxia, and current applications of PAI using endogenous (label free imaging) and exogenous (organic and inorganic) contrast agents. Features of various methods in terms of their efficacy for determining physiologic and proteomic phenomena are analyzed. This review demonstrates that PAI has the potential to understand tumor growth and metastasis development through measurement of regulatory molecule concentrations, oxygen gradients, and vascular distribution.

Keywords: Photoacoustic imaging, tumor hypoxia, angiogenesis, contrast agents, label-free imaging


Citation styles

APA
Nasri, D., Manwar, R., Kaushik, A., Er, E.E., Avanaki, K. (2023). Photoacoustic imaging for investigating tumor hypoxia: a strategic assessment. Theranostics, 13(10), 3346-3367. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.84253.

ACS
Nasri, D.; Manwar, R.; Kaushik, A.; Er, E.E.; Avanaki, K. Photoacoustic imaging for investigating tumor hypoxia: a strategic assessment. Theranostics 2023, 13 (10), 3346-3367. DOI: 10.7150/thno.84253.

NLM
Nasri D, Manwar R, Kaushik A, Er EE, Avanaki K. Photoacoustic imaging for investigating tumor hypoxia: a strategic assessment. Theranostics 2023; 13(10):3346-3367. doi:10.7150/thno.84253. https://www.thno.org/v13p3346.htm

CSE
Nasri D, Manwar R, Kaushik A, Er EE, Avanaki K. 2023. Photoacoustic imaging for investigating tumor hypoxia: a strategic assessment. Theranostics. 13(10):3346-3367.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). See http://ivyspring.com/terms for full terms and conditions.
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