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Nanotheranostics 2024; 8(3): 380-400. [Abstract] [Full text] [PDF]
Nanotheranostics 2024; 8(3): 344-379. [Abstract] [Full text] [PDF] [PubMed] [PMC]
International Journal of Biological Sciences
International Journal of Medical Sciences
Global reach, higher impact
Theranostics 2021; 11(16):8043-8056. doi:10.7150/thno.60785 This issue Cite
Research Paper
Bioengineering CXCR4-overexpressing cell membrane functionalized ROS-responsive nanotherapeutics for targeting cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury
1. Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
2. Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
3. Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
4. Department of Vascular & Intervention, Tenth Peoples' Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
Abstract
Rationale: As a potentially life-threatening disorder, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is associated with significantly high mortality, especially the irreversible brain tissue damage associated with increased reactive oxygen radical production and excessive inflammation. Currently, the insufficiency of targeted drug delivery and “on-demand” drug release remain the greatest challenges for cerebral I/R injury therapy. Bioengineered cell membrane-based nanotherapeutics mimic and enhance natural membrane functions and represent a potentially promising approach, relying on selective interactions between receptors and chemokines and increase nanomedicine delivery efficiency into the target tissues.
Methods: We employed a systematic method to synthesize biomimetic smart nanoparticles. The CXCR4-overexpressing primary mouse thoracic aorta endothelial cell (PMTAEC) membranes and RAPA@HOP were extruded through a 200 nm polycarbonate porous membrane using a mini-extruder to harvest the RAPA@BMHOP. The bioengineered CXCR4-overexpressing cell membrane-functionalized ROS-responsive nanotherapeutics, loaded with rapamycin (RAPA), were fabricated to enhance the targeted delivery to lesions with pathological overexpression of SDF-1.
Results: RAPA@BMHOP exhibited a three-fold higher rate of target delivery efficacy via the CXCR4/SDF-1 axis than its non-targeting counterpart in an in vivo model. Additionally, in response to the excessive pathological ROS, nanotherapeutics could be degraded to promote “on-demand” cargo release and balance the ROS level by p-hydroxy-benzyl alcohol degradation, thereby scavenging excessive ROS and suppressing the free radical-induced focal damage and local inflammation. Also, the stealth effect of cell membrane coating functionalization on the surface resulted in extended circulation time and high stability of nanoparticles.
Conclusion: The biomimetic smart nanotherapeutics with active targeting, developed in this study, significantly improved the therapeutic efficacy and biosafety profiles. Thus, these nanoparticles could be a candidate for efficient therapy of cerebral I/R injury.
Keywords: smart biomimetic nanoparticles, CXCR4/SDF-1 specific, ROS-responsive, ischemia-reperfusion injury, free radical scavenging
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