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Theranostics 2018; 8(3):815-829. doi:10.7150/thno.19577 This issue Cite

Review

Adult Stem Cells in Vascular Remodeling

Dong Wang^1*, LeeAnn K. Li^1,2*, Tiffany Dai³, Aijun Wang⁴, Song Li^1,5✉

1. Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
2. David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA;
3. Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;
4. Surgical Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA;
5. Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
* Equal contribution

✉ Corresponding author: Song Li, Ph.D., phone: +1 310-2065819, email: songliedu

Abstract

Understanding the contribution of vascular cells to blood vessel remodeling is critical for the development of new therapeutic approaches to cure cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and regenerate blood vessels. Recent findings suggest that neointimal formation and atherosclerotic lesions involve not only inflammatory cells, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells, but also several types of stem cells or progenitors in arterial walls and the circulation. Some of these stem cells also participate in the remodeling of vascular grafts, microvessel regeneration, and formation of fibrotic tissue around biomaterial implants. Here we review the recent findings on how adult stem cells participate in CVD development and regeneration as well as the current state of clinical trials in the field, which may lead to new approaches for cardiovascular therapies and tissue engineering.

Keywords: Cardiovascular disease, Stem cell, atherosclerosis, vascular grafts, vascular smooth muscle cell.

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