Optic chiasmatic potential by endoscopically implanted skull base microinvasive biosensor: a brain-machine interface approach for anterior visual pathway assessment

Zhang, Yikui; Lu, Shengjian; Huang, Shenghai; Yu, Zhonghao; Xia, Tian; Li, Mengyun; Yang, Chen; Mao, Yiyang; Xu, Boyue; Wang, Lixu; Xu, Lei; Shi, Jieliang; Zhu, Xingfang; Zhu, Senmiao; Zhang, Si; Qian, Haohua; Hu, Yang; Li, Wei; Tu, Yunhai; Wu, Wencan

doi:10.7150/thno.71164

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Nanotheranostics 2024; 8(4): 442-457. [Abstract] [Full text] [PDF]

Nanotheranostics 2024; 8(4): 427-441. [Abstract] [Full text] [PDF]

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Theranostics 2022; 12(7):3273-3287. doi:10.7150/thno.71164 This issue Cite

Research Paper

Optic chiasmatic potential by endoscopically implanted skull base microinvasive biosensor: a brain-machine interface approach for anterior visual pathway assessment

Yikui Zhang^1✉*, Shengjian Lu^1*, Shenghai Huang¹, Zhonghao Yu¹, Tian Xia¹, Mengyun Li¹, Chen Yang¹, Yiyang Mao¹, Boyue Xu¹, Lixu Wang¹, Lei Xu², Jieliang Shi¹, Xingfang Zhu¹, Senmiao Zhu¹, Si Zhang¹, Haohua Qian³, Yang Hu^4✉, Wei Li^5✉, Yunhai Tu^1✉, Wencan Wu^1✉

1. The Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University; Wenzhou 325027, China.
2. Medical Radiology Department, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University; Wenzhou 325027, China.
3. Visual Function Core, National Eye Institute, National Institute of Health, NIH; Bethesda, United States.
4. Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine; Palo Alto, United States.
5. Retinal Neurophysiology Section, National Eye Institute, National Institute of Health, NIH; Bethesda, United States.
*These authors contributed equally to this work.

Citation:

Zhang Y, Lu S, Huang S, Yu Z, Xia T, Li M, Yang C, Mao Y, Xu B, Wang L, Xu L, Shi J, Zhu X, Zhu S, Zhang S, Qian H, Hu Y, Li W, Tu Y, Wu W. Optic chiasmatic potential by endoscopically implanted skull base microinvasive biosensor: a brain-machine interface approach for anterior visual pathway assessment. Theranostics 2022; 12(7):3273-3287. doi:10.7150/thno.71164. https://www.thno.org/v12p3273.htm

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Abstract

Background: Visually evoked potential (VEP) is widely used to detect optic neuropathy in basic research and clinical practice. Traditionally, VEP is recorded non-invasively from the surface of the skull over the visual cortex. However, its trace amplitude is highly variable, largely due to intracranial modulation and artifacts. Therefore, a safe test with a strong and stable signal is highly desirable to assess optic nerve function, particularly in neurosurgical settings and animal experiments.

Methods: Minimally invasive trans-sphenoidal endoscopic recording of optic chiasmatic potential (OCP) was carried out with a titanium screw implanted onto the sphenoid bone beneath the optic chiasm in the goat, whose sphenoidal anatomy is more human-like than non-human primates.

Results: The implantation procedure was swift (within 30 min) and did not cause any detectable abnormality in fetching/moving behaviors, skull CT scans and ophthalmic tests after surgery. Compared with traditional VEP, the amplitude of OCP was 5-10 times stronger, more sensitive to weak light stimulus and its subtle changes, and was more repeatable, even under extremely low general anesthesia. Moreover, the OCP signal relied on ipsilateral light stimulation, and was abolished immediately after complete optic nerve (ON) transection. Through proof-of-concept experiments, we demonstrated several potential applications of the OCP device: (1) real-time detector of ON function, (2) detector of region-biased retinal sensitivity, and (3) therapeutic electrical stimulator for the optic nerve with low and thus safe excitation threshold.

Conclusions: OCP developed in this study will be valuable for both vision research and clinical practice. This study also provides a safe endoscopic approach to implant skull base brain-machine interface, and a feasible in vivo testbed (goat) for evaluating safety and efficacy of skull base brain-machine interface.

Keywords: Microinvasive biosensor, trans-nasal endoscopy, skull base brain-machine interface, visual evoked potential, optic chiasmatic potential

Citation styles

APA

Zhang, Y., Lu, S., Huang, S., Yu, Z., Xia, T., Li, M., Yang, C., Mao, Y., Xu, B., Wang, L., Xu, L., Shi, J., Zhu, X., Zhu, S., Zhang, S., Qian, H., Hu, Y., Li, W., Tu, Y., Wu, W. (2022). Optic chiasmatic potential by endoscopically implanted skull base microinvasive biosensor: a brain-machine interface approach for anterior visual pathway assessment. Theranostics, 12(7), 3273-3287. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.71164.

ACS

Zhang, Y.; Lu, S.; Huang, S.; Yu, Z.; Xia, T.; Li, M.; Yang, C.; Mao, Y.; Xu, B.; Wang, L.; Xu, L.; Shi, J.; Zhu, X.; Zhu, S.; Zhang, S.; Qian, H.; Hu, Y.; Li, W.; Tu, Y.; Wu, W. Optic chiasmatic potential by endoscopically implanted skull base microinvasive biosensor: a brain-machine interface approach for anterior visual pathway assessment. Theranostics 2022, 12 (7), 3273-3287. DOI: 10.7150/thno.71164.

NLM

CSE

Zhang Y, Lu S, Huang S, Yu Z, Xia T, Li M, Yang C, Mao Y, Xu B, Wang L, Xu L, Shi J, Zhu X, Zhu S, Zhang S, Qian H, Hu Y, Li W, Tu Y, Wu W. 2022. Optic chiasmatic potential by endoscopically implanted skull base microinvasive biosensor: a brain-machine interface approach for anterior visual pathway assessment. Theranostics. 12(7):3273-3287.

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