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Theranostics 2020; 10(12):5225-5241. doi:10.7150/thno.43716 This issue Cite

Research Paper

Parthenolide ameliorates colon inflammation through regulating Treg/Th17 balance in a gut microbiota-dependent manner

Yao-Jiang Liu1, Bo Tang1, Feng-Chao Wang2, Li Tang1, Yuan-Yuan Lei1, Ya Luo1, Sheng-Jie Huang1,3, Min Yang1, Ling-Yi Wu1,4, Wei Wang1, Shuang Liu1, Shi-Ming Yang1✉, Xiao-Yan Zhao1✉

1. Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
2. Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
3. Department of Gastroenterology, The second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
4. Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
Yao-Jiang Liu and Bo Tang contributed equally to this work.

✉ Corresponding authors: Shi-Ming Yang, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China; Tel: 86-13228686589; Email: shimingyangcom. Xiao-Yan Zhao, Department of Gastroenterology, Xin More

Citation:
Liu YJ, Tang B, Wang FC, Tang L, Lei YY, Luo Y, Huang SJ, Yang M, Wu LY, Wang W, Liu S, Yang SM, Zhao XY. Parthenolide ameliorates colon inflammation through regulating Treg/Th17 balance in a gut microbiota-dependent manner. Theranostics 2020; 10(12):5225-5241. doi:10.7150/thno.43716. https://www.thno.org/v10p5225.htm
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Abstract

Graphic abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a global health problem in which gut microbiota dysbiosis plays an important pathogenic role. However, the current drugs for IBD treatment are far from optimal. Previous researches indicated that parthenolide (PTL) had not only anti-cancer properties but also strong anti-inflammatory activities.

Rationale: To investigate the protective effect of PTL on colon inflammation and demonstrate the underlying gut microbiota-dependent mechanism.

Methods: Colon inflammation severity in mouse model was measured by body weight change, mortality, colon length, disease activity index (DAI) score, H&E staining and colonoscopy evaluation. Gut microbiota alteration and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production were analyzed through 16S rRNA sequencing and targeted metabolomics. Luminex cytokine microarray and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were conducted to measure the colon cytokines profile. The frequency of immune cells in lamina propria (LP) and spleen were phenotyped by flow cytometry.

Results: The PTL-treated mice showed significantly relieved colon inflammation, as evidenced by a reduction in body weight loss, survival rate, shortening of colon length, DAI score, histology score and colonoscopy score. Notably, when the gut microbiota was depleted using antibiotic cocktails, the protective effect of PTL on colon inflammation disappeared. PTL treatment downregulated the level of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-17A and upregulated the immunosuppressive cytokine IL-10 in colon tissue. 16S rRNA sequencing indicated that PTL-treated mice exhibited much more abundant gut microbial diversity and flora composition. Targeted metabolomics analysis manifested the increased SCFAs production in PTL-treated mice. Additionally, PTL administration selectively upregulated the frequency of colonic regulatory T (Treg) cells as well as downregulated the ratio of colonic T helper type 17 (Th17) cells, improving the Treg/Th17 balance to maintain intestinal homeostasis. Gut microbiota depletion and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was performed to confirm this gut microbiota-dependent mechanism.

Conclusions: PTL ameliorated colon inflammation in a gut microbiota-dependent manner. The underlying protective mechanism was associated with the improved Treg/Th17 balance in intestinal mucosa mediated through the increased microbiota-derived SCFAs production. Collectively, our results demonstrated the role of PTL as a potential gut microbiota modulator to prevent and treat IBD.

Keywords: Inflammatory bowel disease, Parthenolide, Gut microbiota, SCFAs, Treg/Th17 balance

Citation styles

APA
Liu, Y.J., Tang, B., Wang, F.C., Tang, L., Lei, Y.Y., Luo, Y., Huang, S.J., Yang, M., Wu, L.Y., Wang, W., Liu, S., Yang, S.M., Zhao, X.Y. (2020). Parthenolide ameliorates colon inflammation through regulating Treg/Th17 balance in a gut microbiota-dependent manner. Theranostics, 10(12), 5225-5241. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.43716.

ACS
Liu, Y.J.; Tang, B.; Wang, F.C.; Tang, L.; Lei, Y.Y.; Luo, Y.; Huang, S.J.; Yang, M.; Wu, L.Y.; Wang, W.; Liu, S.; Yang, S.M.; Zhao, X.Y. Parthenolide ameliorates colon inflammation through regulating Treg/Th17 balance in a gut microbiota-dependent manner. Theranostics 2020, 10 (12), 5225-5241. DOI: 10.7150/thno.43716.

NLM
Liu YJ, Tang B, Wang FC, Tang L, Lei YY, Luo Y, Huang SJ, Yang M, Wu LY, Wang W, Liu S, Yang SM, Zhao XY. Parthenolide ameliorates colon inflammation through regulating Treg/Th17 balance in a gut microbiota-dependent manner. Theranostics 2020; 10(12):5225-5241. doi:10.7150/thno.43716. https://www.thno.org/v10p5225.htm

CSE
Liu YJ, Tang B, Wang FC, Tang L, Lei YY, Luo Y, Huang SJ, Yang M, Wu LY, Wang W, Liu S, Yang SM, Zhao XY. 2020. Parthenolide ameliorates colon inflammation through regulating Treg/Th17 balance in a gut microbiota-dependent manner. Theranostics. 10(12):5225-5241.

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