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Theranostics 2017; 7(18):4370-4382. doi:10.7150/thno.19888 This issue Cite

Research Paper

Human Umbilical Cord MSCs as New Cell Sources for Promoting Periodontal Regeneration in Inflammatory Periodontal Defect

Fengqing Shang^1,2,3,4*, Shiyu Liu^1,2*, Leiguo Ming^1,2*, Rong Tian², Fang Jin^1,4, Yin Ding^1,4, Yongjie Zhang^1,2, Hongmei Zhang⁵, Zhihong Deng^6*✉, Yan Jin^1,2*✉

1. State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China;
2. Research and Development Centre for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China;
3. Department of Stomatology, the 306th Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100101, China;
4. State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China;
5. Department of Burns and Plastic surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China;
6. Department of Otolaryngology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China.
* Contributed equally to this work

✉ Corresponding authors: Prof. Yan Jin. State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China E-mail: yanjinedu.cn or Prof. Zhi-hong Deng. Department of Otolaryngology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China. E-mail: dengzhedu.cn More

Abstract

Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) transplantation represents a promising approach for periodontal regeneration; however, the cell source is limited due to the invasive procedure required for cell isolation. As human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) can be harvested inexpensively and inexhaustibly, here we evaluated the regenerative potentials of hUCMSCs as compared with hPDLSCs to determine whether hUCMSCs could be used as new cell sources for periodontal regeneration.

Methods The characteristics of hUCMSCs, including multi-differentiation ability and anti-inflammatory capability, were determined by comparison with hPDLSCs. We constructed cell aggregates (CA) using hUCMSCs and hPDLSCs respectively. Then hPDLSCs-CA and hUCMSCs-CA were combined with β-tricalcium phosphate bioceramic (β-TCP) respectively and their regenerative potentials were determined in a rat inflammatory periodontal defect model.

Results hPDLSCs showed higher osteogenic differentiation potentials than hUCMSCs. Meanwhile, hUCMSCs showed higher extracellular matrix secretion and anti-inflammatory abilities than hPDLSCs. Similar to hPDLSCs, hUCMSCs were able to contribute to regeneration of both soft and hard periodontal tissues under inflammatory periodontitis condition. There were more newly formed bone and periodontal ligaments in hPDLSCs and hUCMSCs groups than in non-cell treated group. Moreover, no significant differences of regenerative promoting effects between hPDLSCs and hUCMSCs were found.

Conclusion: hUCMSCs generated similar promoting effects on periodontal regeneration compared with hPDLSCs, and can be used as new cell sources for periodontal regeneration.

Keywords: Periodontal regeneration, UCMSC, Cell therapy, Inflammation microenvironment.

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